Participating in sports that repeatedly stress your scaphoid bone, such as shot put or gymnastics, can also cause a scaphoid fracture. Wearing a wrist guard is an easy way to prevent these injuries. The force puts a huge amount of stress on this small bone, which can cause a fracture.įOOSH injuries occur in many sports, especially things like skiing, skating, and snowboarding. When you fall on your hand, all of the energy produced when your hand hits the ground travels to your forearm through the scaphoid. When your wrist is less extended, the radius bone takes the force of impact resulting in a distal radius fracture ( Colles’ or Smith fracture).Ī FOOSH injury commonly affects the scaphoid because it’s the main connection between your hand and forearm. The farther your wrist is bent back, the more likely it is that your scaphoid bone will break. The angle of your wrist when it hits the ground affects where a fracture happens. When it causes your wrist to bend back farther than it’s meant to go, a fracture may occur. This protects your face, head, and back from injury, but it means your wrist and arm take the full force of the impact. When you sense you are about to fall, you instinctively react by cocking your wrist and extending your arm to try to break the fall with your hand. Treatment of radial head fractures depends on the specific characteristics of the fracture using the Mason classification.FOOSH stands for “fall onto an outstretched hand.” It’s the mechanism behind many upper limb fractures. Radial head fractures may be difficult to visualize on initial imaging but should be suspected when there are limitations of elbow extension and supination following trauma. Combined fractures involving both the ulna and radius generally require surgical correction. These fractures are treated with immobilization or surgery, depending on the degree of displacement and angulation. Isolated midshaft ulna (nightstick) fractures are often caused by a direct blow to the forearm. It should be noted that these fractures may be complicated by a median nerve injury. A nondisplaced, or minimally displaced, distal radius fracture is initially treated with a sugar-tong splint, followed by a short-arm cast for a minimum of three weeks. In adults, distal radius fractures are the most common forearm fractures and are typically caused by a fall onto an outstretched hand. Depending on the degree of angulation, buckle and greenstick fractures can be managed with immobilization. Greenstick fractures, which have cortical disruption, are also common in children. Incomplete compression fractures without cortical disruption, called buckle (torus) fractures, are common in children. If initial imaging findings are negative and suspicion of fracture remains, splinting and repeat radiography in seven to 14 days should be performed. Evaluation with radiography or ultrasonography usually can confirm the diagnosis. A fall onto an outstretched hand is the most common mechanism of injury for fractures of the radius and ulna. Fractures of the radius and ulna are the most common fractures of the upper extremity, with distal fractures occurring more often than proximal fractures.
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